INSTALLATION OF SOLAR PANELS

Depending on the type of installation to be built, as well as its application, either a single panel or a group of them that are electrically connected can be used.  As in the case of photovoltaic cells, if the aim is to increase the output voltage, these panels will have to be connected in series. However, if what is wanted is to increase the intensity, then they will have to be connected in parallel.

To perform this type of group installation, each panel has a junction box, which contains connection diodes, allowing the current to go in one direction only, as in the photovoltaic cells. Why is that? On the one hand, so that the batteries of the installation are not discharged by the panels (in the case of autonomous ISF). On the other hand, to avoid reversing the current flow in the blocks interconnected in parallel, if shading occurs in any of them.      

TIPOS DE INSTALACIONES

• Ballast Anchoring: A system that uses heavy elements to anchor PV systems to a flat roof. It is a simple installation that does not require roof penetration, although its disadvantage is that it is limited to flat roofs.
• Anchoring with penetration: A system that is anchored by means of roof penetration, and that allows any type of inclination, even on flat roofs, since the load is more distributed than in the anchoring systems with ballast. Its disadvantages lie in the installation time, which is longer than in the previous case, and that in case of poor sealing of the penetration holes, water may leak in case of rain.
• Anchoring with clamps: It uses a system of frames and guides on which the solar panels are mounted. They are quick to install, and are applicable to any type of slope, good load distribution and do not require drilling the roof for installation.

SAFETY IN THE MAINTENANCE OF PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS

ELECTRICAL SAFETY

• Electric shock and electrocution
• Electrical burns
• Falls from different levels due to electric shock
• Island effect
• Ground faults
• Fire

SAFETY AT HEIGHT

Falls from heights are the second leading cause of death worldwide due to accidental or unintentional injuries, which is why there are aspects that need to be controlled, such as the use of:

• Fall protection
• Lifting platforms, scaffolding and ladders.
• Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in good condition.

SAFE USE OF HAND AND POWER TOOLS

 Perform proper and regular maintenance of work tools.

 Do not remove the locks and protections provided with the tools.

 Follow the manufacturer's instructions

 Use electrical power supply systems in good condition and assembled according to specific standards.

- Use PPE, among which are:

Class A helmet

Eye protection (safety glasses and face protection against electric arcs)

Flame-resistant work clothes

Safety shoes that are dielectric or insulating type, appropriate for the voltages involved

Insulating gloves with protective leather: Class 00 and Class 0.